摘要Lactational feed intake(LFI)is important for the efficiency of sow production.Previous studies indicated that the gut microbiota participated in host appetite regulation.The role of the gut microbiota,espe-cially Lactobacillus mucosae LM1 and Lactobacillus amylovorus in LFI regulation of sows was proved in the previous study.However,it is unclear whether and how L.mucosae and L.amylovorus affect feed intake.Forty-nine sows with similar backfat thickness(15.81±0.31 mm),parity(3.36±0.16),and initial litter size(10.08±0.10)were used in the current study.They were stratified into high-(H group;LFI=6.37±0.10 kg/d,n=26)and low LFI(L group;LFI=4.85±0.15 kg/d,n=23)groups.The per-formance data and fresh feces samples were collected.The differences in the gut microbiota of sows were analyzed.On d 110 of gestation,the relative abundance of the phylum Proteobacteria(P＜0.05)and the concentration of fecal endotoxin(P=0.032)were lower in H group sows than in L group sows,while L.mucosae(P=0.021)was the dominant strain in high LFI sows.Three strains,L.mucosae(L.M),L.amylovorus 1(L.A1)and L.amylovorus 2(L.A2),from the feces of high LFI sows on d 7 of lactation were isolated.Whole genome sequencing results showed these strains had probiotic properties.Then,50 piglets(the commercial pig offspring from a three-way cross between Landrace × York gilts and Duroc boars)at 28 d of age(initial body weight=7.38±0.26 kg)and 32 germ-free(GF)mice at 28 d of age(initial body weight=13.45±0.77 g)were used as models to verify the role and mechanism of dominant strains in host feeding regulation.Two gavage experiments confirmed that these strains of Lactobacillus reduced plasma or colon pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations(P＜0.05).These strains of Lactobacillus increased plasma glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)concentration in both animals and decreased the number of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor(GLP-1r)positive cells in the colon of GF mice(P＜0.05).Taken together,these findings suggested that these strains from high LFI sows improved in host feeding regulation by increasing the GLP-1 level to lower the inflammation level when reducing the number of GLP-1r positive cells to inhibit the GLP-1 activation on the satiety pathway.These results would provide novel information to enhance the feed intake of sows during lactation and even treat anorexia.