摘要The resource trade-off between growth and immunity is common in plants,but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear.In this study,we demonstrate that the posttranslational regulation of the Target of Rapamycin(TOR)kinase is a key determinant in maintaining this balance.Inhibiting TOR activity,either pharmacologically or genetically,enhanced root immunity and mitigated pathogen-induced root growth suppression.TOR inactivation preceded resource depletion during the early stage of infection,indi-cating an active resource reallocation mechanism that prioritizes defense activation over growth mainte-nance.Mechanistic studies uncovered a phosphorylation circuit where pathogen recognition activates the lectin receptor-like kinase LORE,which stimulates the phosphatase LOPP to directly dephosphorylate and inactivate TOR.Subsequently,LOPP is degraded via a proteasomal pathway,restoring TOR activity.This phosphorylation circuit enables plants to prioritize immune responses while maintaining growth flex-ibility.Our findings establish TOR as a key regulator of resource allocation during host-microbe interac-tions and offer a mechanistic framework for understanding growth-immunity trade-offs in plants.