摘要BACKGROUND:?The?major?issue?with?intraoperative?cholangio-graphy?(IOC)?is?whether?its?diagnostic?accuracy?for?common?bile?duct?(CBD)?stones?matches?that?of?other?diagnostic?procedures,?and?thus,?whether?it?will?become?a?routine?diagnostic?procedure.?The?current?study?aimed?to?address?the?main?determinants?of?CBD?stone?diagnosis?in?IOC?among?an?Iranian?population. <br> METHODS:?In? a? retrospective? review? database-based? study?conducted?in?Taleghani?Hospital?in?Tehran?between?2006?and?2008,? baseline? data? and? perioperative? information? of? 2060?patients?(male?to?female?ratio?542∶1518,?mean?age?53.7?years)?who? were? candidates? for? cholecystectomy? and? underwent?concomitant? IOC? for? confirming? CBD? stones? were? reviewed.?The? predictive? power? of? this? procedure? for? diagnosis? of?abnormal? biliary? ducts? with? the? focus? on? biliary? stones? was?determined. <br> RESULTS:?Overall? mortality? and? morbidity? following?cholecystectomy? in? the? study? population? were? 0.6%? and?2.6%,? respectively.? Both? early? mortality? and? morbidity?due? to? cholecystectomy? were? higher? in? male? than? female.?The? prevalence? of? CBD? stones? in? IOC? was? 3.4%? (5.2%? in?male? and? 2.8%? in? female,? P=0.008).? Among? those? without?gallstones,? 8.7%? had? CBD? stones? and? only? 3.1%? had?concomitant?gallstones?and?CBD?stones.?The?main?predictors?of? stone? appearance? as? an? abnormal? feature? of? IOC? during?cholecystectomy? were:? advanced? age? (OR=1.022,? P=0.001),?male? gender? (OR=1.498,? P=0.050),? history? of? abdominal?surgery? (OR=1.543,? P=0.040)? and? preoperative? endoscopic?retrograde?cholangiopancreatography?(OR=5.400,?P<0.001). <br> CONCLUSIONS:?IOC? is? a? safe? and? accurate? method? for? the?assessment? of? bile? duct? anatomy? and? stones.? Therefore,? the?routine? use? of? IOC? within? cholecystectomy? seems? reasonable?and?is?recommended.