摘要BACKGROUND:?As? the? host? immunity? is? diminished? in?patients?with?chronic?hepatitis?B?(CHB),?different?approaches?have? been? used? to? up-regulate? their? immune? responses? to?produce?therapeutic?effects.?But,?cytokines,?growth?factors?and?polyclonal? immune? modulators? could? not? exhibit? sufficient?therapeutic? effects? in? these? patients.? Immune? therapy? with?HBV-related?antigens?(vaccine?therapy)?has?been?used?in?CHB?patients.?But?there?is?a?paucity?of?information?about?the?design?of?HBV?antigen-based?immune?therapy?in?these?patients. <br> DATA? SOURCE:?Preclinical? and? clinical? studies? on? immune?therapy?with?HBsAg-based?vaccine,?HBcAg?and?combination?of?HBsAg/HBcAg-based?vaccines?have?been?discussed. <br> RESULTS:?HBsAg-based? prophylactic? vaccine? was? used? as?an? immune? therapeutic? agent? in? CHB? patients;? however,?monotherapy? with? HBsAg-based? immune? therapy? could?not? lead? to? sustained? control? of? HBV? replication? and/or? liver?damages.? HBsAg-based? vaccine? was? used? as? a? combination?therapy? with? cytokines,? growth? factors,? and? antiviral? drugs.?HBsAg-based? vaccine? was? also? used? for? cell-based? therapy.?However,? satisfactory? therapeutic? effects? of? HBsAg-based?vaccine?could?not?be?documented?in?CHB?patients.?In?the?mean?time,?evidences?have?supported?that?HBcAg-specific?immunity?is? endowed? with? antiviral? and? liver? protecting? capacities? in?CHB? patients.? Recent? data? concentrate? on? the? clinical? use? of?combined?HBsAg-?and?HBcAg-based?vaccines?in?CHB?patients. <br> CONCLUSION:?Antigen-based? immune? therapy? with? HBV-related?antigens?may?be?an?alternative?method?for?the?treatment?of? CHB? patients? but? proper? designs? of? antigens,? types? of?adjuvants,?dose?of?vaccinations,?and?routes?of?administration?need? further? analyses? for? the? development? of? an? effective?regimen?of?immune?therapy?against?HBV.