摘要Background: Surgical resection of huge hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, ≥ 10 cm) is potentially curative. More adjuvant treatments are needed to reduce relapses in these patients. We evaluated the influence of postoperative adjuvant transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (PA-TACE) on the prognosis of huge HCC.Methods: Data from consecutive patients who underwent curative resection for huge HCC in our center were retrospectively collected. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between patients who did and did not undergo PA-TACE. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used. Results: Among the 255 enrolled patients, 93 underwent PA-TACE. The clinical outcomes were signif- icantly better in the PA-TACE group than those in the non PA-TACE group (5-year RFS rate: 33.5％ vs. 18.0％; 5-year OS rate: 47.0％ vs. 28.0％, all P < 0.001). After PSM, similar results were obtained (5-year RFS rate: 28.8％ vs. 17.6％, P < 0.001; 5-year OS rate: 42.5％ vs. 25.0％, P = 0.004). PA-TACE decreased the possibility of early recurrence ( < 2 years, crude cohort: P < 0.001, PSM cohort: P < 0.001) but not late recurrence ( ≥ 2 years, crude cohort: P = 0.692, PSM cohort: P = 0.325). Multivariable Cox regression analysis suggested that PA-TACE was an independent protective factor prolonging early RFS, RFS and OS. Conclusions: PA-TACE is a safe intervention for huge HCC patients after liver resection and improves outcomes.