摘要INTRODUCTIONDental implants are increasingly accepted by patients with missing teeth, with high survival and success rates1. However, the loss of bone and soft tissue often limits dental implant placement. In such cases, clinicians perform soft tissue transplan-tation, guided bone regeneration (GBR), or sinus augmentation to address these limitations. Although most of these techniques provide predictable results, improvements in wound healing and bone and soft tissue regeneration are needed both after tooth extraction and during implant placement. Recently, second-generation platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) was proposed as a new implant therapeutic strategy for promoting implant healing and bone and soft tissue integration2–3. PRF or leukocyte-and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) is obtained from the inpatients' blood and typically centrifuged at a relative centrifugal field (RCF)-max/g-force of 700 for 12 min without any additives4–5. PRF not only acts as a three-dimensional fibrin scaffold but also contains numerous autologous cells, such as platelets, macrophages, and neutrophils6. Furthermore, the fibrin matrix of PRF serves as a"storage"scaffold for the gradual release of growth factors over time7. Given its conformance to the criteria for tissue engineering, PRF has been widely used in dentistry, showing great therapeutic potential for both soft and hard tissue regeneration4,8–9.