摘要目的 探讨胎儿期低水平铅暴露对新生儿神经、体格、听力发育的影响.方法 收集235名孕妇所分娩新生儿脐带血各1 ml,采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定脐带血中铅的含量;对新生儿出生体重、身长、头围进行测量,采用新生儿20项行为神经评分法检测神经行为;采用teoae方法 对新生儿进行听力筛查.根据脐血铅水平,将研究对象分为低铅组、中铅组、高铅组3组,比较分析不同组别之间神经、体格、听力发育水平.结论 胎儿期低水平铅暴露对新生儿神经行为发育有一定的影响,但未造成显著差异;对新生儿体格发育和听力发育亦未造成显著影响.结果 胎儿期低水平铅暴露对新生儿神经行为发育有一定的影响,但较低浓度的血铅(本资料中脐血铅含量水平在0.048 3～0.463 8 μg/L,均数(15.67±0.077 2)μg/L,属于低浓度血铅)对胎儿体格发育、听力发育的影响尚未显著.结论 妊娠期间采取有效预防措施减少铅暴露,使得分娩时脐带血血铅浓度保持在足够低的水平[(15.67±0.077 2)μg/L甚至更低],可以更好保障出生人口质量.

abstractsObjective To investigate the prenatal low-level lead exposure neonatal nerve, physical,hearing and development impact. Methods 235 pregnant women in the delivery of umbilical cord blood of 1mL, using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry determination of lead content in umbilical cord blood; on neonatal birth weight, length, head circumference measurements, using 20 neonatal behavioral neurological assessment Detection of neural behavior; teoae methods used to conduct hearing screening for newborns. According to umbilical cord blood lead levels, will study the subjects were divided into low-lead group, in the lead group, the high lead group 3 group, a comparative analysis between the different groups of nerves, physical, hearing and development level. Conclusion prenatal low-level lead exposure on neonatal neurobehavioral development have an adverse effect, but did not result in significant differences; on neonatal physical development and hearing development did not cause significant impact.