摘要文章归纳了国内外有关早产儿体位性颅形异常的评估方法、分型、不良影响、危险因素、预防策略和治疗手段。早产儿因特殊生理状况和更高风险的住院诊疗等因素，更容易发生颅形异常，相对于发生后的矫正，早期预防和监测更显实用和经济，尤其是出生后2～4周内的体位管理非常关键。应注重对早产儿的照护者，包含住院期间护理人员和家庭照护人员防治措施的宣教。同时建议将颅形发育状况作为婴幼儿常规保健评估发育的监测指标之一。

abstractsThis paper summarizes the assessment methods, classification, adverse influence, risk factors, prevention strategies, and treatment methods of positional plagiocephaly in premature infants at home and abroad. Premature infants are more prone to positional plagiocephaly due to special physiological conditions and higher risk of hospitalization. Compared with post-occurrence correction, early prevention and monitoring are more practical and economical. Attention should be paid to the education of caregivers of premature infants, including nursing staff and family caregivers during hospitalization. At the same time, it is suggested that cranial development should be regarded as one of the routine indicators of infant health assessment.