摘要目的 分析唐县多起风疹暴发疫情的流行病学特点和实验室检测结果,为控制风疹疫情提供依据.方法 对在该县发生的风疹疑似病例进行流行病学个案调查,对收集到的监测病例血清标本采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测风疹病毒IgM抗体,对咽拭子标本采用荧光定量聚合酶链反应(简称荧光定量PCR)检测风疹病毒核酸,并将核酸序列进行基因型别鉴定和基因亲缘性分析.结果 2016至2017年唐县发生风疹暴发疫情15起,分布在当地的15所中小学校,约61.0％的感染病例无风疹疫苗免疫史,实验室确诊105例,分离出风疹病毒18株,经基因型别鉴定均为2B基因型. 结论 做好风疹病毒的流行病学和实验室监测,积极采取措施控制风疹疫情,对免疫空白人群接种风疹类疫苗,是预防和控制风疹暴发疫情的重要手段.

abstractsObjective The epidemiological characteristics and the laboratory testing results of the rubella outbreaks in Tang county were investigated to provide basis for the control measures of rubella epidemics.Methods All possible cases were studied by epidemiological case investigation.The serum specimens were collected and IgM against rubella virus was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The viral nucleic acid in throat swab specimens was analyzed by fluorescent quantitative PCR.The target nucleic acid sequences were used for genotyping and phylogenetic analysis.Results Fifteen rubella outbreaks occurred in Tang county.The cases distributed in 15 primary and secondary schools.Among them,61.0％ of cases had no history of rubella vaccination.One hundred and five cases were confirmed by laboratory and 18 strains of rubella virus were isolated.The strains all belonged to genotype 2B.Conclusions Enhancement of epidemiological and laboratory monitoring,active control measures of rubella epidemics and vaccination for unimmunized individuals were necessary measures for the prevention and control of rubella outbreaks..