摘要肥胖儿童在儿童青少年人群中逐渐增加，肥胖可引起代谢异常如糖耐量降低、血脂异常、血压升高，进而增加代谢综合征、糖尿病及心脑血管疾病的患病风险。儿童时期很少发生严重的心血管终点事件，因此用于预测及评估儿童高风险心血管疾病的早期指标尤为重要。该文综述肥胖儿童发生的内皮细胞功能紊乱与免疫功能紊乱、慢性炎症、氧化应激、胰岛素抵抗的关系以及目前临床上常用的评估内皮功能的无创方法，从而为有效评估及干预儿童肥胖相关的早期心血管改变提供帮助。

abstractsAlong with the high prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents,obesity can lead to im-paired glucose tolerance,dyslipidemia,elevation of blood pressure,the risk of metabolic syndrome,diabetes,and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases gradually increases.As end-event cardiovascular disease(CVD)is hardly present in childhood,there is a critical need for early markers to assess,predict,and treat the children who are vulnerable to developing CVD.For mitigating the incidence of future CVD through early detection and pre-vention programs,this paper reviews the relationship between endothelial dysfunction and immunologic dysfunc-tion,chronic inflammation,oxidative stress,insulin resistance.And it also provides a critical overview on early-noninvasive measurements about endothelial function in obese children.