摘要肺癌是一种严重威胁人类生命健康的恶性肿瘤，其病理类型影响着治疗方案的制定及患者的预后。虽然肺癌的诊断和治疗取得了很大的进步，但是，仍有相当一部分患者因某些特殊情况无法明确组织病理学类型或亚型。 18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖（FDG） PET/CT作为一种新型无创的影像学检查技术，可以直观地反映肿瘤代谢程度，其代谢参数与非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）病理类型具有一定的相关性。影像组学是一个发展中的学科，旨在从医学图像中提取自动化的定量成像特征，并能无创地预测肺癌的病理类型。笔者就 18F-FDG PET/CT在预测NSCLC病理类型中的应用及进展进行综述。

abstractsLung cancer is a malignant tumor that seriously threatens human life and health, and its pathological type affects the treatment plan and prognosis. Although great progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer, there are still a considerable number of patients whose histopathological type or subtype cannot be defined due to some special circumstances. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT, as a new non-invasive imaging technique, can directly reflect the degree of tumor metabolism, and its metabolic parameters have a certain correlation with the pathological types of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Radiomics is a developing discipline, which aims to obtain automated quantitative imaging functions from medical images and be able to predict the pathological type of lung cancer non-invasively. This paper reviews the application and progress of 18F-FDG PET/CT in predicting the pathological types of NSCLC.