摘要程序性细胞死亡受体1(PD-1）及其配体（PD-L1）免疫治疗已成为一种治疗多种恶性肿瘤的重要方法，但仅有部分患者临床获益，其影响因素之一是恶性肿瘤PD-1/PD-L1的表达水平。使用放射性核素标记完整单克隆抗体和抗体片段等制成靶向PD-1/PD-L1放射性核素分子探针进行显像，可无创、实时、动态地监测肿瘤PD-1/PD-L1的表达并量化其表达水平，进而筛选适宜治疗的患者、全面评估治疗疗效和预后。笔者综述了靶向PD-1/PD-L1放射性核素分子探针及其在恶性肿瘤中的应用。

abstractsProgrammed cell death 1 receptor (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) immunotherapy has become an important method for the treatment of a variety of malignant tumors, but only some patients have clinical benefits. One of the influencing factors is the expression level of PD-1/PD-L1 in malignant tumors. Radionuclide labeled complete monoclonal antibodies and antibody fragments are used to make targeted PD-1/PD-L1 radionuclide molecular probes for imaging, which can noninvasively, real-time, and dynamically monitor the expression of tumor PD-1/PD-L1 and quantify its expression level, so as to screen patients suitable for treatment and comprehensively evaluate the treatment efficacy and prognosis. The authors review the application of targeted PD-1/PD-L1 radionuclide molecular probes in malignant tumors.