摘要总结了ICU气管插管患者非计划性拔管(UEX)的原因,并提出了针对性防护措施.认为严格ICU人员准入制度、加强对ICU人员的技术培训和管理、运用循证医学进行UEX风险评估,采取预见性护理、制定非计划性拔管应急预案、合理镇静,加强护患沟通,改善患者的舒适、关注高危人群、规范常规护理操作、设置合适的通气模式,适时撤机拔管、控制ICU意外拔管率应列入ICU质量管理范畴等是主要的防护措施,可使非计划拔管的发生率降低到最低限度,从而确保患者安全,全面提高重症监护患者的护理质量.

abstractsThe reasons of unplanned extubation (UXE) for patients with trachea cannula in intensive care unit (ICU) were concluded,and preventive measures were advanced. The strict employment system should be developed and technique exercises for the members of ICU were enforced; risk elevation should be performed following the theory of evidence-based medicine, preventive nursing measures were adopted, calming patients reasonably, enforcing the communication between nurses and pationts, taking care of the high-risk patients, performing nursing regularly;at the same time reasonable ventilation model and extubate should be selected at the normal time.And in this way,the UXE incidence could be decreased,the safety of patients was ensured and the nursing quality was generally elevated in ICU.