摘要目的 本文探讨了二阶段模拟教学法在冠心病发作紧急处理中的应用,详细分析了该教学法的具体效果.方法 选取了57名在读的护理本科生,要求至少有一个学期的临床实习经验,且有健康评估和护理学基础的理论基础.模拟教学的实施为两个阶段.阶段Ⅰ为虚拟临床场景(Virtual Clinical Environment)的模拟教学,主要是对冠心病的临床知识进行讨论后,根据模拟软件中设置的临床场景让学生进行冠心病发作的即时处理.阶段Ⅱ为临床角色模拟.教师提供真实的临床案例.选取一组学生进行临床场景模拟及角色扮演,帮助学生熟悉冠心病的急性发作的临床处理、流程和与其他医护人员、患者的配合.整个过程结束后对该模拟法的效果进行了评估.评估指标体系是建立在模拟教学的目标上,共有10项具体指标.结果 两阶段模拟教学方法对冠心病病人急性发作的处理及整体护理有显著性的帮助.结果显示该模拟教学过程对完成所有指标项均有较好的帮助.其中帮助最大的两个方面是:与其他医护人员的沟通和胸痛发作的紧急处理措施.模拟教学效果与学生实习时间的长短和担任何种角色无显著联系(P＞0.05).结论 模拟教学可增强学生对临床知识和技能的理解和运用,促进团队协作和沟通能力,增强处理临床问题的自信心.应加强模拟教学在慢性病常见病和多发病中学习中的应用.进一步探讨二阶段教学法实施的程序,规范慢性病临床护理的模拟教学过程.同时探讨该模式在其他临床疾病类型中的效果如何,以及完善模拟教学的量化评价指标体系.

abstractsObjective To explore the application of the two - stage simulation teaching in the emergency treatment of coronary heart disease attacks and analyze the effect of this teaching method.Methods There were two stages in the simulation teaching among 57nursing students.The first stage was Virtual Clinical Environment.The second was clinical roleplaying simulation.A real case was provided by the teacher.The effects was assessed with 10 indexs.Results Students achieved positive outcomes on ten aspects related to the health care of cardiovascular patients.Among which,the most beneficial aspects were collaboration with other health care team members and how to intervene cardiovascular patients clinically.Conclusions Simulation teaching can strengthen students understanding and applying clinical knowledge and skills,promote the abilities of teamwork and communication,raise the confidence of dealing with clinical problems.