摘要目的:调查精神分裂症患者家属病耻感，并探讨与心理困扰、自尊水平的关系。方法:随机抽取2018年5月至2019年5月在山东省精神卫生中心就诊的精神分裂症患者的家属150名，展开问卷调查。整理患者家属的基本信息和一般资料，分析其人口社会学特征；采用Link病耻感量表、Kessler10量表及自尊量表分别评估患者家属病耻感、心理困扰和自尊水平。发放问卷共计150份，回收134份，有效回收率89.33%。应用软件SPSS 21.0对各量表数据进行统计学分析。结果:134名患者家属年龄以31~50岁居多，职业以农民或职员为主，已婚者占81.34%(109/134)，经济状况一般占61.94%(83/134)，与患者关系大多为父母、配偶。患者家属Link量表平均(2.68±0.45)分，其中<2.5分占58.21%(78/134)；Kessler10量表平均(19.57±6.23)分，其中>16分占70.90%(95/134)；自尊量表平均(30.12±3.86)分。经Pearson相关分析，精神分裂症患者家属病耻感与心理困扰呈正相关( r＝0.364， P<0.05)；病耻感与自尊水平呈负相关( r＝-0.220， P<0.05)；心理困扰与自尊水平呈负相关( r＝-0.421， P<0.05)。 结论:精神分裂症患者家属往往因病耻感产生极大的心理困扰，而自尊是病耻感与心理困扰的保护因素；医护人员应对高病耻感、低自尊水平患者家属加强关注，采取干预措施以解除或减轻其心理困扰。

abstractsObjective:To investigate the stigma in families of schizophrenic patients and explore the relationship between stigma and psychological distress and self-esteem.Methods:A total of 150 family members of patients with schizophrenia who visited Shandong Mental Health Center from May 2018 to May 2019 were randomly selected to conduct a questionnaire survey.The basic information and general data of patients' family members were sorted out, and the characteristics of population and sociology were analyzed.The Link stigma scale, Kessler10 scale and self-esteem scale were used to evaluate stigma, psychological distress and self-esteem of patients' family members.A total of 150 questionnaires were sent out and 134 were recovered with effective recovery rate of 89.33%.SPSS 21.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the data of each scale.Results:Most of the family members of the 134 patients were 31-50 years old, most of them were farmers or employees, 81.34% (109/134) were married, 61.94% (83/134) were in general economic condition, and most of them were parents or spouses.The average Link scale score of the patient′s family members was (2.68±0.45), of which less than 2.5 points accounted for 58.21% (78/134). The average score of Kessler10 scale was (19.57±6.23), and over 16 scores accounted for 70.90% (95/134). The mean score of self-esteem scale was (30.12±3.86). Through Pearson correlation analysis, stigma of relatives of schizophrenia patients was positively correlated with psychological distress ( r=0.364, P<0.05). Stigma was negatively correlated with self-esteem ( r=-0.220, P<0.05). Psychological distress was negatively correlated with self-esteem ( r=-0.421, P<0.05). Conclusions:The families of schizophrenic patients often have great psychological distress due to stigma, and self-esteem is the protective factor of stigma and psychological distress.Medical staffs should pay more attention to the families of patients with high stigma and low self-esteem, and take intervention measures to relieve or relieve their psychological distress.