摘要脑水肿是急性肝功能衰竭肝性脑病的一个显著特征.慢性肝功能衰竭也表现出一定程度的脑水肿,且以星形胶质细胞水肿为主.氨是导致急性肝功能衰竭患者星形胶质细胞水肿的主要因素,而锰在慢性肝功能衰竭患者星形胶质细胞的水肿中起着重要的作用,但两者导致细胞水肿的机制仍未被完全阐述.现就氨及锰引起星形胶质细胞水肿的机制作一综述.

abstractsBrain edema is a significant feature of hepatic encephalopathy due to acute liver failure. Chronic liver failure is also associated with some degree of brain edema. Astrocyte swelling is involved in such edema. Ammonia is regarded as a major factor responsible for astrocyte swelling in acute liver failure, while manganese takes an important role in astrocyte swelling in chronic liver failure. In both cases, however, the exact mechanisms that ammonia and manganese cause astrocyte swelling have not been completely understood. This article will discuss cuttent views on some factors responsible for astrocyte swelling, mainly focusing on the potential role of oxidative stress and mitochondrial permeability transition.