摘要本文综述液相色谱-串联质谱法与免疫分析法检测血清17α-羟孕酮(17OHP)的对比和联系，影响血清17OHP的因素，以及血清17OHP升高的原因分析。引起17OHP升高的疾病包括先天性肾上腺皮质增生症(CAH)、肾上腺肿瘤、卵巢肿瘤、糖尿病等。本文汇总了会引起17OHP升高的CAH亚型、各亚型特征性的类固醇激素变化组合谱，尤其是21羟化酶缺乏症的诊治进展。女性需在卵泡期测量17OHP，最好采用质谱法检测，在区别CAH的原因和治疗评估中，选择类固醇代谢通路中多项激素的不同组合的检测更有意义。

abstractsThis article reviews the measurement methods for serum 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP), compares its immunoassay with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry measurements, and the factors that affect serum 17OHP levels. Diseases that can cause elevated 17OHP levels include congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), adrenal tumors, ovarian tumors, diabetes, and others. We summarize the clinical characteristics and chemical spectra of the adrenal steroid biosynthesis pathway for CAH subtypes with increased 17OHP, focusing on 21-hydroxylase deficiency. For females, it is recommended to measure 17OHP using mass spectrometry during the early follicular phase. To identify CAH subtypes and evaluate the ideal treatment dosage of steroids, it is more meaningful to investigate the optimal adrenal steroid spectrum panels in the future.