摘要转录激活因子4(activating transcription factor 4, ATF4)是一种含碱性区域亮氨酸拉链的应激反应因子。当机体处于应激状态时，表达升高的ATF4通过与细胞转录因子结合，继而调控相应下游靶基因，从而启动细胞应答。脑缺血后，ATF4通过参与调控内质网应激、氧化应激、线粒体自噬、炎症反应、血管再生和突触可塑性等多种病理生理学过程，从而发挥神经保护作用。因此，ATF4有望成为治疗缺血性脑损伤的一个新靶点。

abstractsActivating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) is a stress response factor containing a basic region-leucine zipper. When the body is under stress, the increased expression of ATF4 binds to cellular transcription factors, which in turn regulates the corresponding downstream target genes, thereby initiating cellular responses. After cerebral ischemia, ATF4 plays a neuroprotective role by participating in various pathophysiological processes such as regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, mitochondrial autophagy, inflammatory response, vascular regeneration, and synaptic plasticity. Therefore, ATF4 is expected to become a new target for the treatment of ischemic brain injury.