摘要人体包含了一个由真核生物、古细菌、细菌和噬菌体等组成的庞大微生物群落。细菌是其中最主要的成员，其数量与人体细胞的数量级相同。许多共生或致病的细菌都会通过生化信号与宿主相互作用。基于这些细菌特性，共生和减毒病原菌已被设计用于递送治疗分子以靶向性治疗特定疾病。介绍了近5年发展的工程微生物或微生物衍生颗粒及其封装、分泌、表达表面治疗分子，综述了其在炎症性肠病及胃病、肿瘤和心血管疾病治疗中的应用进展，并探讨了微生物药物递送系统的临床转化潜力。

abstractsThe human body contains a large microbial community composed of eukaryotes, archaea, bacteria, and phages. Bacteria are the most prominent members of this community, numbering in the same order of magnitude as human cells. Many commensal or pathogenic bacteria interact with their hosts through biochemical signals. Based on these bacterial properties, commensal and attenuated pathogens have been designed to deliver therapeutic molecules to target specific diseases. The engineered bacteria or bacteria-derived particles and their encapsulation, secretion, and expression of surface therapeutic molecules developed in the past five years were introduced. Their applications in anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, thrombosis treatment, and imaging were reviewed, and the clinical translational potential of microbial drug delivery systems was discussed.