摘要输血相关急性肺损伤(TRALI)是输血相关性死亡的主要原因之一。在TRALI发病机制的"二次打击"学说中，根据第2次打击因素不同，可将TRALI分为抗体介导和非抗体介导TRALI。抗体在TRALI发病中的作用较为明确，而生物活性脂质、可溶性CD40配体(sCD40L)、微粒等非抗体因素在血液成分保存过程中虽有积累，但是其在TRALI发病中的确切机制尚无定论。笔者拟就生物反应调节剂(BRM)和血液成分的贮存损伤等非抗体因素在TRALI中的研究进展进行综述，旨在为TRALI的防治提供新思路。

abstractsTransfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is one of the leading causes of transfusion-related death. In the "two-hit" theory of TRALI pathogenesis, TRALI can be classified as antibody-mediated or non-antibody-mediated TRALI according to different second-hit factors. The role of antibodies in pathogenesis of TRALI is relatively clear, while the exact mechanisms of non-antibody factors, like bioactive lipids, soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L), and microparticles, which accumulate during blood components storage, are still inconclusive. This article intends to review research progress of non-antibody factors in TRALI, such as biological response modifier (BRM) and storage damage of blood components, in order to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of TRALI.