摘要直肠癌是我国常见的恶性肿瘤之一,发病率逐年上升.其中,低位直肠癌的治疗方式主要为以外科手术为主的综合治疗.治疗的理念也发展为不仅要根治肿瘤,还要尽量保留肛门和泌尿生殖功能,提高生活质量.通过提高低位直肠癌术前分期准确度、新辅助治疗,并遵循全直肠系膜切除原则,能够提高手术切除率,降低手术并发症发病率,提高保肛率,降低术后局部复发率,延长生存时间.随着医学技术的发展,低位直肠癌的微创治疗得到迅速发展.本文就低位直肠癌外科治疗新进展进行综述.

abstractsRectal cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in China,and the incidence rate is rising year by year.Comprehensive treatment based on surgical operation is the major treatment of low rectal cancer.The treatment concept requires not only radical resection of tumor,but also preservation of the anal and urogenital function,to improve the quality of patients' life.By improving the accuracy of preoperative staging of rectal cancer,neoadjuvant therapy,and following the principle of total mesorectal excision,patients can benefit in terms of increased resection rate,decreased operation complication incidence,increased sphincter preservation,decreased local recurrence and increased overall survival rate.With the development of medical technology,minimally invasive surgery of low rectal cancer has been developed rapidly.In this paper,new progress in the surgical treatment of low rectal cancer will be reviewed.