摘要幽门螺杆菌(HP)是寄生在人体胃黏膜组织内的一种革兰阴性杆菌,与人体共同进化.HP是最具遗传多样性的细菌种类之一,其多样性主要归因于其高突变率和重组率.经过上万年间的历史演变,HP为了维持与人类宿主之间的相对稳定的定植关系,经历了无数次基因多态性的变化及适应性进化,才使它成为原核生物中基因组变异最大的物种之一.正因为有这么长的与人类伴随的历史,所以在某种意义上HP可以作为人类迁移途径研究的参考信息.随着生物学信息技术的发展,多位点序列分型(MLST)技术在研究菌株的进化方面起到很大的作用,它具有高重复性和高分辨率等特点,并且可以将分析结果在不同国家、不同实验室间进行对比.本文主要就MLST技术在HP遗传进化方面的研究应用进展进行综述.

abstractsHelicobacter pylori (HP) is a kind of gram-negative bacillus parasitizing in human gastric mucosal tissue,which coevolved with human body.HP is one of the most genetically diverse bacterial species,which is mainly attributed to its high mutation and recombination rate.After tens of thousands of years of historical evolution,HP experienced numerous genetic polymorphisms and adaptive evolution in order to maintain a relatively stable colonization relationship with human hosts,making it became one of the species with the largest genome variation among prokaryotes.With such a long history with human beings,HP can be used as reference information for human migration in a sense.With the development of biological information technology,multilocus-sequence typing (MLST) technology plays a great role in the study of the evolution of bacterial strains.It has the characteristics of high repeatability and resolution,and the analysis results can be compared between different countries and laboratories.This paper mainly reviews the research and application progress of MLST technology in the genetic evolution of HP.