摘要理论上,同卵双生子具有相同的遗传背景,胚胎发育和生活环境也大体相似,通过对表型不同的同卵双生子进行对比研究,可以最大程度排除其他可能因素的干扰,缩小研究范围,更加精确地寻找到疾病的致病基因或相关因素.因此,表型不同的同卵双生子是一种具有巨大优势和潜力的遗传学研究工具.此文结合国际研究进展和我国现有情况,主要从遗传学和表遗传学方面,就表型不同的同卵双生子在寻找疾病致病基因的应用方面进行分析概述.

abstractsIn theory,monozygotic twins have the same genetic background,embryonic development and living environment. Through comparative analysis in discordant monozygotic twins, the interference by other factors can be easily exlcuded,the research scope better focused,and thus the pathogenic genes or related factors be more accurately identified.Analysis of discordant monozygotic twins could be an advantageous and potential tool in the genetic research.In this paper,we reviewed the advances in the application of discordant monozygotic twins in identifying pathogenic gene mainly from genetics and epigenetics,considering the international research progress and Chinese existing situation.