摘要嵌合体是指同一个体中同时存在两个或多个不同细胞系的现象,在人类中比较罕见,一般是由于观察到血型或者性染色体异常才发现此种现象.目前,已陆续发现了多种类型的嵌合体,对其临床与实验室的研究取得了初步进展,但对于嵌合体的认识,特别是对其形成机制了解得尚不充分.该文中,回顾了以往文献对先天性嵌合体案例的报道及相关研究,并在其基础上总结了嵌合体的类型、形成机制、检测方法及诊断策略,以期进一步促进嵌合体的相关研究.

abstractsA chimera is produced by the fusion of two or more different zygotes in a single embryo.The chimerism has been rarely reported in humans.It is usually discovered because a discrepancy is observed in blood typing or sex chromosome complement.So far,several types of chimera have been discovered.However,the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood.In this article,the previous literatures which involved chimerism are reviewed,and the types of chimera,formation mechanisms,detected methods,and diagnostic strategies are summarized.We hope it is helpful to the research of chimera.