摘要程序性死亡受体1(programmed death receptor 1，PD1)和程序性死亡配体1(programmed death ligand 1，PD-L1)是重要的负性免疫调节因子，对T细胞的活化起到抑制作用，介导了感染性疾病、自身免性疾病的发生及肿瘤细胞的免疫逃逸。近年来，针对PD1/PD-L1的单克隆抗体靶向药物在实体肿瘤治疗中均取得了较好的疗效，在肿瘤的治疗中扮演了重要角色。文章综述了PD1/PD-L1的结构功能，在自身免疫性疾病，感染性疾病和肿瘤中的作用及PD1/PD-L1抗体应用于肿瘤免疫治疗中的最新进展。

abstractsProgrammed death receptor 1 (PD1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) are important negative immune regulatory factors, which inhibit the activation of T cells, and mediate the occurrence of infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases and immune escape of tumor cells. In recent years, PD1 / PD-L1 monoclonal antibody targeted drugs have achieved good results in the treatment of solid tumors, and play an important role in the treatment of tumors. This paper reviews the structure and function of PD1 / PD-L1, and the role of PD1/PD-L1 antibody in autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, and tumor immunotherapy.