摘要IgA肾病（immunoglobulin A nephropathy, IgAN）发病人群年轻，部分患者可发展成终末期肾病，造成严重的家庭社会负担，而且目前临床治疗中，IgAN特异性药物急缺。随着近些年疾病认知、药物发现和药物开发技术的发展，IgAN迎来了被攻克的希望。目前公认的IgAN发病机制为“四重打击”学说，其中补体系统对于IgAN的发生发展有重要的生物学作用。此文首先简要介绍了补体系统的基本概念、结构组成、激活途径、功能及相关药物开发进展，随后详细分析了IgAN发病机制及补体系统在其中的作用，以及基于补体系统治疗IgAN的策略和新药研究开发进展，最后对补体系统药物在治疗IgAN中的前景和挑战进行了展望。

abstractsImmunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) tends to occur in young people, and some patients may develop end-stage kidney disease, causing serious family and social burden, but for current clinical treatment, IgAN-specific drugs are scarce. With the development of disease cognition, drugs discovery and drug development technology in recent years, it is hopeful that IgAN could be overcome in the near future. At present, the recognized pathogenesis of IgAN is the "four-fold strike" theory, in which the complement system plays an important biological role in the occurrence and development of IgAN. In this paper, the basic concept, components, activation pathway, function and related drug discovery and development progress of the complement system are briefly introduced. Then, the pathogenesis of IgAN and the role of the complement system in IgAN are analyzed in detail, as well as the strategies for treating IgAN based on the complement system, and the discovery and development of new drugs are discussed. Finally, the prospects and challenges of the complement system drugs in the treatment of IgAN are prospected.