摘要非甾体类抗炎药(NSAID)已越来越多地用于治疗视网膜和脉络膜疾病,尤其是防治黄斑囊样水肿和葡萄膜炎,以及潜在的对脉络膜视网膜新生血管的治疗上.近年来,美国食品与药品管理局(FDA)批准了一些新型NSAID局部制剂如奈帕芬胺和溴芬酸钠滴眼液,奈帕芬胺的结构减少了它对角膜表面毒性的风险,增强了对靶组织的穿透性；溴芬酸钠起效快、可快速穿透和散布到角膜、虹膜、睫状体、视网膜和脉络膜,作用持续达24小时之久.本文还综述了NSAID的作用机制,对白内障术后黄斑囊样水肿、糖尿病性黄斑水肿的防治现状,在葡萄膜炎中的应用,抑制脉络膜新生血管形成的潜力和局部应用NSAID的副作用等.

abstractsNonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are increasingly employed in the therapy of retinal and choroidal diseases,especially in preventing cystoid macular edema and uveitis,and the potential treatment of retinal and choroidal neovascularization.In recent years,the U.S.Food and Drug Administration have approved new topical NSAIDs,such as nepafenac and bromfenac sodium eye drops.The structure of nepafenac may reduce the risk of corneal toxicity,and increase the permeability to aim tissue.While bromfenac sodium provides a fast onset of action,it has been shown to have penetrated and distributed rapidly to the cornea,iris,ciliary body,retina,and choroids,along with a longer duration of action that may last for up to 24 hours.This article also reviewed the mechanism of NSAID,the current situation of preventing and treating cystoid macular edema following cataract surgery and diabetic macular edema,the application in uveitis,the potential of preventing the choroidal neovascularization,and the adverse effects of topical NSAIDs.