摘要目的:探讨肺小结节患者中医证型分布与其胸部CT影像学特征及肿瘤标志物的相关性。方法:回顾性分析复旦大学附属华东医院及上海市中西医结合医院2016年6月－2018年5月收治的420例肺小结节患者的病历资料。运用频数分析和Pearson相关性分析等统计方法，分析中医证型与临床高危指标间的相关性。结果:患者中医证型以肺脾气虚证为主(28.8%)，之后依次为气阴两虚证(27.6%)、肺阴虚证(22.9%)、气虚血瘀证(12.4%)和肝郁脾虚证（8.3%)。与气虚血瘀证患者比较，肝郁脾虚证患者癌胚抗原(carcino-embryonic antigen, CEA)水平明显降低( P<0.01)；与气阴两虚证患者比较，肺阴虚证患者细胞角蛋白19片段(CYFRA21-1)水平明显升高( P<0.01)，气虚血瘀证患者CYFRA21-1水平降低( P＝0.014)；与肺阴虚证患者比较，肺脾气虚证患者神经元特异性烯醇化酶(neuron-specific enolase, NSE)水平降低( P＝0.044)，肝郁脾虚证患者NSE水平明显升高( P＝0.005)；各证型间SCC水平比较，差异无统计学意义( F＝0.825， P＝0.551)。肺阴虚证与慢性支气管炎(以下简称"慢支")史、边缘光滑、有毛刺呈中度相关( r值分别为0.613、-0.628、0.755)；气阴两虚证与实性呈低度相关( r＝-0.421)；肺脾气虚证与实性呈中度相关( r＝0.540)，与慢支史、磨玻璃、圆形、类圆形、边缘光滑呈低度相关( r值分别为-0.303、-0.495、0.376、-0.337、0.319)；肝郁脾虚证与吸烟史、慢支史、左肺下叶、孤立病灶、多发病灶、类圆形、NSE水平相关( r值分别为-0.099、-0.150、0.120、0.113、-0.113、-0.107、0.133)；气虚血瘀证与分叶状呈中度相关( r＝0.682)，与边缘不规则呈低度相关( r＝0.470)。 结论:肺小结节患者中医辨证分型与临床指标具有一定的相关性，患者肿瘤标志物水平在不同证型间具有差异性，其中肺阴虚证和气虚血瘀证患者发展为恶性肿瘤的危险度较高，而肺脾气虚证、气阴两虚证和肝郁脾虚证发展为恶性肿瘤的危险度相对偏低。

abstractsObjective:To explore the correlation between TCM Syndromes of small pulmonary nodules (SPN) and the features of CT imaging and tumor markers in the chest.Methods:With retrospective study, the clinical data of 420 patients with small pulmonary nodules who were included from June 2016 to May 2018 from the East China Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University and Shanghai TCM Integrated Hospital were analized. The correlation between TCM syndromes and clinical high-risk indicators was analyzed by frequency analysis and Pearson correlation analysis.Results:The TCM syndromes were mainly lung qi and spleen qi deficiency syndrome (28.8%), followed by qi and yin deficiency syndrome (27.6%), lung yin deficiency syndrome (22.9%), qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome (12.4%) and liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome (8.3%). Compared with the patients with qi deficiency and blood stasis, the patients with liver depression and spleen deficiency had carcino embryonic antigen (CEA) level decreased significantly ( P<0.01); compared with the patients with qi and yin deficiency, CYFRA21-1 level in the patients with lung yin deficiency increased significantly ( P<0.001) and CYFRA21-1 level decreased in the patients with qi deficiency and blood stasis ( P=0.014); compared with the patients with lung yin deficiency, the level of neuron-specific- enolase (NSE) in the patients with lung qi and spleen qi deficiency. The level of NSE decreased ( P=0.044), and the level of NSE increased significantly in patients with liver depression and spleen deficiency ( P=0.005); there was no significant difference in the level of SCC between different syndromes ( F=0.825, P=0.551). The syndrome of deficiency of lung yin was moderately correlated with chronic bronchitis, smooth margin and burr ( r=0.613, -0.628, 0.755). The syndrome of qi and yin deficiency was lowly correlation to the solidity ( r=-0.421). The syndrome of lung qi and spleen qi deficiency was moderately correlation with the solidity ( r=0.540), and were low correlation with the chronic bronchitis history, ground glass, round, quasi round, and smooth edge ( r value was 0.303, -0.495, 0.376, -0.337, 0.319 respectively); liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome were correlated with smoking history, chronic bronchitis history, left lower lobe of lung, isolated focus, multiple focus, quasi circle, NSE ( r value was -0.099, -0.150, 0.120, 0.113, -0.113, -0.107, 0.133 respectively); qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome was moderately correlated with lobular shape ( r=0.682), and slightly correlated with irregular edge ( r=0.470). Conclusions:There is a certain correlation between TCM syndrome differentiation and clinical indexes in patients with pulmonary nodules. The level of tumor markers was different in different syndrome types. Among them, the lung yin deficiency syndrome and qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome are at high risk of developing malignant tumors, but the lung qi and spleen qi deficiency syndrome, qi and yin deficiency syndrome and liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome are at low risk of developing malignant tumors.