摘要基于世界卫生组织政策报告及相关文献，系统分析传统和补充医学（T&CM）在WHO美洲区域的应用格局与援助模式。研究表明，该区域T&CM发展呈现出以草药、本土传统医学（如玛雅医学、印加医学）及补充疗法（如针灸）为主的多元格局，但应用深度与制度化水平存在显著不均衡。核心问题不仅在于资源差异，更在于殖民历史遗留的文化权力结构、现代医学背景下的知识合法性争夺及全球卫生治理中的政治经济动因。通过对中、印等国援助模式的比较，指出国际援助既是资源补充，亦是不同医学体系与文化软实力的碰撞与整合。建议通过加强区域监管、推动认知正义、创新科研范式并扩大医保覆盖，促进T&CM高质量融入公共卫生体系，为构建更加公平的全球健康治理体系作出贡献。

abstractsBased on the World Health Organization policy report and related literature, this article systematically analyzed the application pattern and assistance mode of traditional and complementary medicine (T&CM) in the WHO Americas region. Findings revealed that the development of T&CM in this region presents a diversified pattern dominated by herbal medicine, local traditional medicine (such as Maya medicine and Inca medicine) and complementary therapy (such as acupuncture and moxibustion), but there is a significant imbalance between the depth of application and the level of institutionalization. The core issue lies not only in resource differences, but also in the cultural power structure left over by colonial history, the competition for knowledge legitimacy in the context of modern medicine, and the political and economic motivation in global health governance. By comparing the aid models of China and India, it is pointed out that international aid is not only a supplement to resources, but also a collision and integration of different medical systems and cultural soft power. It is suggested to strengthen regional regulation, promote cognitive justice, innovate scientific research paradigm and expand medical insurance coverage to promote the high-quality integration of T&CM into the public health system and provide a path for building a more equitable global health governance.