摘要[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the preparation method and amplification system of antagonistic streptomyces DNA templates based on AFLP assays, and also provide a basis for the application of AFLP technology in the analysis of streptomyces or even actinomyces. [Method] The DNAs were extracted by the modified CTAB method and amplified by the Pst Ⅰ/Mse Ⅰ AFLP kit and its reaction system. The amplified products were analyzed by the denatured polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. [Result] The genomic DNAs of ten antagonistic strains of Streptomyces were extracted and tested. The result of 0.8% agarose gel electrophoresis showed that the major DNA bands were clear without degradation and RNA residue, with the fragment sizes ranging from 37.64 to 40.86 Kb. By ultraviolet spectrophotometry, the OD260/OD280 values varying from 1.625 to 1.833 were obtained. Furthermore, the agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA products digested by Pst Ⅰ/Mse Ⅰ presented the dispersed fluorescent long band, which indicated that the enzymatic hydrolysis was fully carried out. The amplified bands of DNA templates by the screened three pairs of primers were clear with rich polymorphism. [Conclusion] The preparation method and amplification system of DNA template established in this study can be used in the AFLP analysis of Streptomyces.