摘要Objective:To study the effect of autologous bone mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on neurological function in rehabilitation period of multifocal cerebral hemorrhage.Methods:A total of 48 patients with multifocal cerebral hemorrhage who were treated in our hospital from April 2012 to December 2014 were selected as the research subjects, the therapy was made according to the illness and the patients’ will, combined treatment group received minimally invasive evacuation of hematoma combined with autologous bone mesenchymal stem cell transplantation therapy, surgical treatment group received regular minimally invasive evacuation of hematoma, and then imaging features, endothelial progenitor cell activation in peripheral blood as well as the content of nerve injury molecules and neurotrophic factors in serum of two groups were compared.Results:According to the result of head CT scan, the degree of brain edema of both groups was reduced 14 days after treatment, and the reducing degree of brain edema of combined treatment group was more significant than that of surgical treatment group; the 7th day, 14th day, 21st day and 28th day after treatment, CD34+CD133+endothelial progenitor cell levels in peripheral blood of combined treatment group were higher than those of surgical treatment group; 7th day and 14th day after treatment, serum S100β and NSE levels of combined treatment group were significantly lower than those of surgical treatment group; 21st day and 28th day after treatment, serum BDNF and NGF levels of combined treatment group were significantly higher than those of surgical treatment group. Conclusions:Autologous bone mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can relieve cerebral edema, increase the content of endothelial progenitor cells and neurotrophic factors and decrease neurological function injury in patients with multifocal cerebral hemorrhage, and it is conducive to the recovery of neurological function in patients with cerebral hemorrhage.