摘要Objective: To investigate the relationship between serum histone Deacetylase 3(HDAC3) , High Mobility Group B 1(HMGB-1) and the occurrence, development and structural remodeling of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Methods: Patients admitted to non-valvular atrial fibrillation (atrial fibrillation AF group, n=166) were selected and divided into paroxysmal atrial fibrillation group (paroxysmal AF group, n=42), persistent atrial fibrillation group (persistent AF group, n=63), and permanent atrial fibrillation group (permanent AF group, n=61).50 cases of sinus rhythm were selected as the control group, general clinical data, heart color ultrasound, NT-proBNP, and the levels of HDAC 3 and HMGB-1 were determined by enzyme-linked adsorption immunoassay (ELISA). Results: The levels of HDAC3, HMGB-1, LAD, and LVEDD were all higher than those in the control group (P <0.05); The levels of LAD, LVEDD, HDAC3, and HMGB-1 were all higher in the permanent AF groups than in the persistent AF versus paroxysmal AF groups (P <0.05), And the persistent AF group was higher than the paroxysmal AF group (P <0.05); According to the Pearson correlation analysis, HDAC3 vs. LAD (r=0.635), P<0.01), LVEDD(r=0.651, P<0.01), HMGB-1(r=0.757, P <0.01) showed a positive correlation; HMGB-1 was compared with LAD (r=0.658), P<0.01), LVEDD(r=0.569, P <0.01) showed a positive correlation; After a binary logistic regression analysis, HDAC3(OR= 1.712, 95％CI:1.070-2.739, P<0.05), HMGB-1(OR=1.287, 95％CI:1.008-1.634, P <0.05) was associated with whether atrial fibrillation occurred. Conclusion: The levels of HDAC3 and HMGB-1 are correlated to the occurrence and development of AF and are independent risk factors for the occurrence of AF; HDAC3 and HMGB-1 levels are related to the structural remodeling of atrial fibrillation.