摘要Objective: To screen the blood group system genes of Duffy, Lutheran, Kidd, Diego, Dombrock blood group systems of Li ethnic group in Hainan Province and provide laboratory data for the rare blood group database in this area. Methods: The alleles of Duffy, Lutheran, Kidd, Diego, Dombrock blood group systems of 300 voluntary participants of Li ethnic group in Hainan were detected by sequence?specific primer polymerase chain reaction , and the polymorphism was analyzed. Results: The allele frequencies of Duffy, Lutheran , Kidd, Diego, Dombrock blood group systems of Li ethnic groups in Hainan Province are 0.9583 for Fya, 0.0417 for Fyb, 0.8350 for Aua, 0.1650 for Aub, 0.4500 for Jka, 0.5500 for Jkb, 0.0667 for Dia, 0.9333 for Dib, 0.1017 for Doa and 0.8983 for Dob, respectively. The antigen incompatibility rates of Fya/Fyb, Aua/Aub, Jka/Jkb, Dia/Dib, Doa/Dob of Duffy, Lutheran, Kidd, Diego, Dombrock blood group systems were 7.67％, 23.76％, 37.25％, 11.67％ and 16.60％, respectively. Conclusion: The gene frequencies of Duffy, Lutheran, Kidd, Diego, Dombrock blood group systems of Li ethnic group in Hainan Province are polymorphic, and the antigen incompatibility rates of alleles are higher, which is quite different from that of other nationalities in China and with unique ethnic distribution characteristics.It is of great significance to establish the rare blood group database in this region.