摘要Objective: To investigate the effect of Xuduan Zhongzi prescription on the expression of HSP60 and HSP90 in testicular spermatogenic cells and semen quality of oligozoospermia and asthenospermia model rats. Methods: A total of 40 SPF male rats were randomly divided into 10 blank control group and 30 model group. After successful modeling, the model group was divided into model control group, levocarnitine group and Xuduan Zhongzi prescription group with 10 rats in each group. The rats in levocarnitine group and Xuduan Zhongzi prescription group were given corresponding drugs by gavage according to the equivalent measurement of humanbody, the blank control group and model control group were given the same amount of normal saline by gavage, and the rats in each group were killed after 8 weeks of continuous administration. Take the left epididymis of each group for sperm quality detection, take the left testis of each group, observe the histomorphological changes by HE staining, and detect the expression of HSP60 and HSP90 in testicular tissue by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Results: HE staining showed that compared with the blank control group, the convoluted tubules in the model group were significantly atrophic, degenerated and irregularly arranged, the spermatogenic epithelium showed a large number of vacuoles, Sertoli cell degeneration, obvious inflammatory infiltration in stromal cells, stromal cell proliferation, scattered rows of epithelial cells, a large number of exfoliation and degeneration, and sperm were rare. After the intervention of Xuduan Zhongzi prescription, the above lesions were significantly improved, the structure of seminiferous tubules was relatively regular and orderly, denser than that of the model group, sertoli cells and stromal cells increased significantly, the seminiferous epithelium was thicker than that of the model group, with rich layers, and a large number of sperm could be seen in the lumen. Immunohistochemistry and Western Blot showed that the expression of HSP60 and HSP90 increased significantly after the intervention of Xuduan Zhongzi prescription in model rats (P<0.01). The sperm quality test results showed that compared with the blank control group, the sperm concentration and activity rate in the model group decreased significantly, (P<0.01). After continuous seed cutting, the sperm concentration and activity rate of model rats were significantly increased, (P<0.01). Conclusion: Xuduan Zhongzi prescription may inhibit the apoptosis of testicular spermatogenic cells in oligoasthenospermia model rats by increasing the expression of HSP60 and HSP90, so as to improve sperm quality.