摘要发育性髋关节发育不良（DDH）既往被称为先天性髋脱位（CDH），为小儿运动系统常见的结构性畸形之一，是指在发育过程中由于各种因素导致的股骨近端与髋臼的形态及两者相对位置关系的异常。在新生儿期，不稳定的髋关节并不罕见，但其中大部分在3月龄内恢复稳定；但如果髋关节的半脱位或脱位持续未得到改善，其解剖结构将会进一步发生变化。随着时间的推移，DDH可导致慢性疼痛、畸形、运动障碍，进而发展成早发性退行性骨关节疾病，最终导致残疾。DDH早期治疗的目的是恢复髋臼和股骨头的同心圆关系，主要以非手术治疗为主，而当年龄增加或无法通过闭合复位矫正时则以手术治疗为主，以达到改善步态、缓解疼痛和延长髋关节寿命的目的。成人未经治疗的DDH自然病程多数预后较差，早期诊断与治疗DDH可改善疾病预后、降低后期需要手术治疗的概率，并可减轻疾病对患者、家庭及社会造成的负担。对于DDH的诊断和治疗，此前国内外相关学术组织制定了各自的指南，但对于DDH的早期识别、早期诊断、早期治疗和从婴儿到成人的全过程序贯管理，国内尚缺少相应共识。在此背景下，本次指南的制订由中华医学会骨科学分会关节外科学组发起，筛选出我国骨科临床医师最为关注的15个DDH相关临床问题，最终形成基于循证医学的20条有关DDH临床诊断与治疗的推荐意见，旨在推动临床医师对DDH的全程序贯规范化治疗，进而提升治疗水平及临床疗效。

abstractsDevelopmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), previously known as congenital dislocation of the hip, is a common structural malformation in the pediatric locomotor system. It is characterized by the abnormal morphology of the proximal femur and acetabulum and their relative positional relationship during development. In the neonatal period, the occurrence of unstable hips is not rare, but the condition usually becomes stable within 3 months. However, if subluxation or dislocation of the hip joint persists, pathologic change will further progress. Over time, DDH can lead to chronic pain, deformity, and movement disorders and develop into early-onset degenerative joint disease, ultimately resulting in disability. The early treatment goal of DDH aims to restore the concentric relationship between the acetabulum and the femoral head, mainly based on non-surgical treatment. Surgical treatment is applied as a people age to improve gait, relieve pain, and extend the life of the hip joint; otherwise, closed reduction cannot be achieved. Untreated adult DDH has a poor prognosis. Thus, the early diagnosis and treatment of DDH can reduce the probability of receiving surgical treatment and reduce the burden of the disease on patients, families, and society. Previous academic organizations at home and abroad have developed their own guidelines, but a consensus has not been made on early recognition, early diagnosis, early treatment, and sequential management of DDH from infants to adults in China. This guideline was developed by the Joint Surgery Group, Orthopaedics Branch, Chinese Medical Association. The most concerning clinical issues related to DDH were selected, and evidence-based medical recommendations were formed to promote the standardized treatment of DDH in clinical practice.