摘要目的 探索重庆市主城区“120”院前急救内科疾病种类变化规律,提出应对策略.方法 提取2004年1月1日至2013年12月31日重庆市主城区“120”院前急救呼叫疾病种类数据,对其中内科疾病种类进行回顾性分析.结果 (1)院前急救数量逐年增加,从2004年的6031人次到2013年的12 264人次,男性多于女性(1.24∶1到1.68∶1),女性患者例数逐年增长,从2248人次增长到5486人次.(2)心血管疾病位于疾病谱首位(15.35％ ～ 19.36％),脑血管意外(9.72％～13.11％)、呼吸系统疾病(7.48％ ～ 10.20％)、消化系统疾病(8.36％ ～ 10.58％)的病例数呈上升趋势,急性中毒(2.36％ ～6.18％)的病例数呈下降趋势.(3)心脑血管、呼吸系统疾病发生频率与季节变化有关,1月、12月明显高于其他月份;酒精中毒在春节期间最高.(4)内科疾病院前急救呼救高峰期10年间较稳定,每天20:00-24:00时为呼救高峰,而0:00-4:00时为呼救低谷,低峰/高峰为30.7％ ～43.5％.结论 内科疾病的发生与季节的变化、生活水平的提高、生活压力有一定的关系,且呈逐年上升的趋势.院前急救应根据这些规律制定相应的应对策略,强化预防保健与呼救疾病专业分类,对提高院前急救反应能力和救治水平具有重要意义.

abstractsObjective To explore the variations in category of internal diseases in order to plan out strategies to deal with during pre-hospital period in Chongqing urban area.Methods The category of internal diseases of pre-hospital emergency service in Chongqing urban area from January 2004 to December 2013 was studied and the data were analyzed retrospectively.Results Firstly,the number of patients in pre-hospital emergency service continued to mount up year by year,from 6031 patients in 2004 to 12 264 patients in 2013.The ration of male to femal was 1.24∶1 to 1.68∶ 1,and the cases of female increased year after year,from 2246 to 5486.Secondly,cardiovascular disease was the leading illness in the wide varieties of internal disease (15.35％-19.36％).The number of cerebrovascular accident (9.72％-13.11％),respiratory diseases (7.48％-10.20％) and digestive diseases (8.36％-10.58％) were escalating.However,the acute poisoning cases (2.36％-6.18％) showed a tendency of decline.The peak time of the pre-hospital emergency service was stable in past ten years.Thirdly,there were seasonal variation in incidence of cardiovascular,cerebrovascular and respiratory disease,more cases occurred in January and December than in other months.Alcoholism commonly peaked before Spring Festival.Fourthly,the peak time of internal disease occurred in the past 10 years was stable,peaked during 20:00-24:00,and the trough time was during 0:00-4:00,the ratio of trough to peak ranged from 30.7％ to 43.5％.Conclusion The variation of the internal disease category was associated more or less with seasonal rotation,the improved living standards,and stress of modern life,and the incidence of emergency illness were escalating year by year,thus the corresponding measures should be instituted to deal with those major changes.Improving pre-hospital emergency response capacity and efficacy of treatment is of great significance.Strengthening the prophylaxis and healthcare,and establishing a professional capability for triage classification of diseases during emergency service are great essential for promoting the swiftness of prehospital emergency response.