摘要目的 研究容量过负荷(fluid overload,FO)与接受CRRT的AKI危重病患者预后之间的关系,为合理优化AKI危重病患者的液体管理策略、改善AKI危重病患者的预后提供依据.方法?2012年1月至2017年6月收入吉林大学第一医院重症医学科(ICU)的261例接受CRRT的成人AKI患者,采用回顾性研究的方法收集所有入选患者的临床资料,比较存活组(n=149)和死亡组(n=112)患者的临床数据差异,采用多元logistic回归分析筛选和检验接受CRRT的AKI危重病患者入ICU后30 d病死率的相关危险因素,采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析比较各亚组容量过负荷与非容量过负荷患者入ICU后30 d病死率的差异.结果 ①当总 ％FO≥10％(OR=1.30,95％CI:1.13～2.05,P=0.01)、 呼吸机依赖(OR=1.65,95％CI:1.01～2.55,P=0.03)、少尿(OR=1.55,95％CI:1.13～2.15)、SOFA评分 ≥13(OR=1.15,95％CI:1.01～1.20,P<0.01)、从诊断AKI到CRRT开始>3 d(OR=1.03,95％CI:1.01～1.13,P=0.04)以及平均动脉压<72 mmHg(OR=1.10,95％CI:1.00～1.30,P=0.04)时,接受CRRT的急性肾损伤患者30 d死亡风险显著增高.②容量过负荷组(n=92)与非容量过负荷组患者(n=169)的30 d生存率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).③亚组分析:组1(n=130):CRRT前 ％FO<10％ 且总 ％FO<10％;组2(n=39):CRRT前 ％FO≥10％ 且总 ％FO<10％;组3(n=64):CRRT前 ％FO<10％ 且总 ％FO≥10％;组4(n=28):CRRT前 ％FO≥10％ 且总 ％FO≥10％,四组患者的生存率差异有统计学意义,组1>组2>组3>组4(P<0.01).④脓毒症组容量过负荷(n=62)与非容量过负荷(n=92)患者30 d生存率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),非脓毒症组容量过负荷(n=31)与非容量过负荷(n=76)患者的30 d生存率差异无统计学意义(P=0.291).⑤SOFA≥13组容量过负荷(n=57)与非容量过负荷(n=78)患者的30 d生存率差异有统计学意义(P=0.026),SOFA<13组容量过负荷(n=35)与非容量过负荷(n=91)患者的30 d生存率差异无统计学意义(P=0.074).结论 容量过负荷与AKI危重病患者不良预后密切相关.通过CRRT清除多余的液体可以降低AKI重症患者的病死率.对于脓毒症或重症AKI患者(SOFA≥13),容量过负荷对生存率的不良影响更加明显.

abstractsObjective To investigate the relationship between fluid overload(FO) and prognosis of critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), so as to provide a basis for the reasonable optimization of fluid management and improve the prognosis of critically ill patients with AKI. Methods We enrolled 261 adult AKI patients receiving CRRT who were admitted in ICU Department of the First Hospital of Jinlin University from January 2012 to June 2017. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of all enrolled patients and compared the&nbsp;clinical data between the survival group (n=149) and the death group (n=112). We screened and analyzed the risk factors of 30-day mortality after entering ICU of AKI critically ill patients receiving CRRT through multiple Logistic regression analysis. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to compare the difference of 30-day mortality after entering ICU between the subgroups of fluid overload and non-fluid overload patients. Results ① The 30 day mortality was significantly higher in AKI patients receiving CRRT when the following situation existed: ％FO total ≥ 10％(OR=1.30, 95％CI:1.13-2.05, P=0.01), ventilator dependency(OR=1.65, 95％CI:1.01-2.55, P=0.03), oliguria(OR=1.55, 95％CI:1.13-2.15), SOFA ≥ 13(OR=1.15, 95％CI:1.01-1.20, P<0.01), the time from the diagnosis of AKI to the start of CRRT >3 days (OR=1.03, 95％CI:1.01-1.13, P=0.04) and mean arterial pressure<72 mmHg (OR=1.10, 95％CI:1.00-1.30, P=0.04). ② There was significant difference in the 30 day survival rate between the fluid overload group (n=92) and the non-fluid overload group (n=169) (P<0.01). ③ Sub group analysis:group1(n=130): ％FO pre-CRRT <10％ and ％FO total<10％; group 2 (n=39): ％FO pre-CRRT ≥ 10％and ％FO total<10％; group 3 (n=64): ％FO pre CRRT <10％ and ％FO total ≥ 10％; group 4 (n=28):％FO pre-CRRT ≥ 10％ and ％FO total ≥ 10％. There was a significant difference in the survival rate between the four groups, that was group 1 >group 2> group 3> group > 4 (P<0.01). ④ The 30 day survival rate was significantly different between fluid overload patients(n=62) and non-fluid overload patients (n=92) in the septic group (P<0.01), while in the non-septic group the 30-day survival rate had no significant difference between fluid overload patients (n=31) and non-fluid overload patients (n=76) (P=0.291). The 30-day survival rate was significant different between fluid overload patients (n=57) and non-fluid overload patients (n=78) in the SOFA ≥ 13 group (P=0.026), while in the SOFA<13 group the 30-day survival rate had no significant difference between fluid overload patients (n=35) and non-fluid overload patients (n=91) (P=0.074). Conclusions Fluid overload is closely associated with poor prognosis of critical ill patients with AKI. The removal of too much fluid through CRRT appears to reduce the mortality of severe AKI patients. The adverse effect of fluid overload on survival is more evident in AKI patients with sepsis or with more severe illness (SOFA ≥ 13).