摘要目的:研发模仿天然骨组织细胞外基质微纳结构的多孔矿化胶原基质，探讨其对骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)迁移及骨缺损的修复效果。方法:采用仿生矿化法合成多孔胶原基质支架材料，使用micro-CT、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、原子力显微镜检测多孔矿化胶原基质微纳结构、机械性能，体外细胞共培养检测胶原基质对BMSCs细胞增殖、迁移的影响，大鼠下颌骨临界骨缺损植入支架材料后比较各组支架材料引导骨再生的能力。结果:仿生矿化法可制备疏松多孔、含纤维内纳米磷灰石的胶原基质支架材料(MIA)；与传统含纤维外磷灰石的胶原基质材料(MEA)相比，MIA具5倍以上的杨氏模量；体外接种2、14 d可观察到MIA组BMSCs细胞MTT染色和细胞渗透深度明显高于对照组，体内植入10周后MIA组缺损区域明显减小，Runt相关转录因子2(Runx2)和Osterix阳性细胞增多。结论:仿生多孔纤维内矿化胶原基质具有良好的生物学性能，可促进骨髓间充质干细胞增殖和迁移，促进新骨形成，是具备临床应用前景的骨再生支架材料。

abstractsObjective:To fabricate biomimetic porous collagen matrix with bone-like nanostructure and to investigate the effect of mineralized collagen scaffolds on bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) migration and bone regeneration.Methods:Matrix with extrafibrillar apatites (MEA) and matrix with intrafibrillar apatites (MIA) were fabricated. Morphology and nano-mechenical properties of scaffolds were examined using micro-CT, scanning and transmission electron microscopies and atomic force microscopy. Rat BMSCs were seeded on different scaffolds to investigate the effects of their nanostructure on cell behaviors. The scaffolds were randomly implanted in the critical size defects in rat mandibles. Micro-CT, histological staining analyses were applied to evaluate the new bone formation.Results:The MIA showed a porous structure, with nanoapatites depositing inside collagen fibrils. The Young's modulus of MIA was 5 times more than that of MEA. MTT staining demonstrated that more BMSCs were infiltrated in MIA, compared with MEA distributed. After implantation with scaffolds for 10 weeks, substantial bone structures were formed in the defect area in the MIA group, revealed by Micro-CT. Immunohistological staining showed the highest expression of Runx2 and Osterix in the MIA group.Conclusions:The biomimetic MIA scaffold which shows enhanced biofunctions improved the initial cell proliferation, migration and in vivo bone formation, can be used as a next-generation bone graft.