摘要目的:探讨安氏Ⅲ类错 非拔牙与拔牙矫治前后牙弓及上气道形态变化及其相关关系。 方法:选取安氏Ⅲ类错 患者共40例，非拔牙与拔牙组各20例，两组均采用传动直丝弓矫治技术进行矫治。测量矫治前后牙弓及上气道形态相关指标，获取的资料采用SPSS 23.0进行统计学分析，以 P<0.05差异有统计学意义。 结果:拔牙组治疗后UMM(上颌第一磨牙间宽度)、UD(上颌牙弓长度)、LD(下颌牙弓长度)减小( P<0.05)；两组治疗后LCC(下颌尖牙间宽度)、UMM、UD、LD变化值组间比较差异有统计学意义( P<0.05)。非拔牙组治疗后ANB增大、U1-SN增大( P<0.05)；拔牙组治疗后ANB增大，L1-MP减小( P<0.05)；两组治疗后U1-SN变化值组间比较差异有统计学意义( P<0.05)。非拔牙组治疗后PNS-R增大( P<0.05)，拔牙组治疗后PNS-R、PNS-Ad 2增大、SPP-SPPW减小( P<0.05)，两组治疗前后上气道变化值组间比较差异均无统计学意义( P>0.05)。相关分析显示拔牙组治疗后腭咽段SPP-SPPW变化值与L1-MP变化值呈正相关( P<0.05)。 结论:安氏Ⅲ类错 非拔牙与拔牙矫治后上气道鼻咽段均有增大趋势；拔牙矫治后上气道腭咽段有减小的趋势，其减小与非拔牙矫治相比并不明显，并与下中切牙的舌倾程度相关。

abstractsObjective:To investigate the morphological changes of dental arch and upper airway after non-extraction and extraction treatment of Angle Class Ⅲ malocclusion and the correlation.Methods:Forty patients with Angle Class Ⅲ malocclusion were selected, 20 patients with non-extraction and 20 with extraction treatment. Both groups were treated with transmission straight wire technique. The dental arch and upper airway morphology indices were measured before and after treatment. The data was be analyzed by SPSS 23.0 and the statistically significance was set as P<0.05. Results:The UMM, UD, and LD decreased after treatment in the extraction group ( P<0.05); the changes of LCC, UMM, UD, and LD after treatment between the two groups were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The ANB and U1-SN increased in the non-extraction group ( P<0.05); ANB increased and L1-MP decreased in the extraction group ( P<0.05); the changes of U1-SN after treatment between the two groups were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The PNS-R increased in the non-extraction group ( P<0.05), the PNS-R, PNS-Ad2 increased and SPP-SPPW decreased in the extraction group ( P<0.05). Upper airway changes after treatment between the groups presented with no significant differences ( P>0.05). The Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the change of SPP-SPPW was positively correlated with the change of L1-MP ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The nasopharyngeal segment of the upper airway after non-extraction and extraction treatment of Angle Class Ⅲ malocclusion tended to increase. The pharyngeal segment of the upper airway after extraction treatment tended to decrease, the reduction was not significant compared with non-extraction treatment and was correlated with the degree of lingually tipping of mandibular anterior teeth.