摘要Lactococcus lactis subsp.lactis KCCM13334P(KMGR)was isolated from Makgeolli,a traditional Korean rice wine.The study analyzed the genomic characteristics and performed functional annotation of the complete genome sequence.Results showed that IFN-γ-primed RAW 264.7 cells,treatment with KMGR(6.25,12.50,or 25.00 μg/mL)significantly enhanced immune response mediator and cytokines production.KMGR significantly activated NF-κB and AP-1 signaling pathways.KMGR improved macrophage activity by stimulating TAK1 and TRAF6 via TLR2 signaling.In CTX-induced immunosuppressed mice,KMGR administration recovered body weight and spleen and mesenteric lymph node indices.KMGR restored CTX-suppressed natural killer cell activity and populations of immune cells.Additionally,KMGR repaired the CTX-induced histological structure of the colon and the expression of tight junction proteins,mucin-2,and TLR2.KMGR treatment maintained a gut microbiota composition similar to the control groups.Taken together,our data suggest that KMGR shows potential as a functional postbiotic with immune-enhancing activity.