摘要Background In this study,we aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of children with retinoblastoma(RB)in a single center in China with a large sample collection spanning 17 years.Methods The clinical data of 2790 children with RB treated in Beijing Tongren Hospital from 2005 to 2021 were collected,and a retrospective analysis was conducted.Results The median age of the participants was 28.3 months.There were 3624 affected eyes,12.4％of which were in groups A-C,67.1％in groups D-E and 16.2％were not specified.The primary symptom observed in most cases was a white pupil,accounting for 66.5％,followed by strabismus(12.8％).The median follow-up time was 59.7 months.The enucleation rate was 71.3％(703/986)in a single left eye and 72.5％(702/968)in a single right eye.The overall survival(OS)rate was 95.8％(2444/2552)because 237 patients dropped out,and 109 died.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the median sur-vival time(MST)was 125.92 months[95％confidence interval(CI)=124.83-127.01].Cox multivariate survival analysis showed that trilateral RB(P=0.017),metastasis site(P=0.001),and combined distant tissue metastasis(P=0.001)were independent prognostic factors for RB.The OS of 44 cases of familial RB was 93.2％(41/44),with an MST of 80.62 months(95％CI=67.70-93.54).Conclusions The timing of eye protection treatment and enucleation should be comprehensively judged to avoid worsen-ing prognosis due to operation time delay.More importantly,the promotion and popularization of diagnosis and treatment technologies are necessary to further improve RB prognosis.