摘要Background Respiratory syncytial virus infection is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children under two years of age.Thus,the objective of this consensus document is to analyze and discuss current scientific evidence and generate recommendations that reflect the position of a prominent national pediatric professional association regarding the benefits and impact of immunoprophylaxis in pregnant women and infants on the burden of respiratory syncytial virus-related respiratory disease in Mexico and Latin America.Data sources Following an academic consensus model,the available scientific literature on current or controversial topics was compiled and critically analyzed.The process adhered to the Guidelines for the Development of Consensus Documents and incorporated recommendations and critical appraisal criteria from the European Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation initiative.Multidisciplinary and representative teams were formed from several national professional associations.The studies and manuscripts included in this review were selected via keywords such as respiratory syncytial virus,vaccine,monoclonal antibodies,maternal vaccine,safety and efficacy in vaccine,and vaccine compliance across databases,with priority given to articles published between January 2019 and May 2025.The process included one in-person meeting and one virtual meeting.Results A total of nine questions,which were considered unresolved in previous respiratory syncytial virus-related consensus documents,were formulated,covering the time,dose,cost-effectiveness and other perspectives.Each one was addressed through an updated literature review and critical appraisal.The findings and resulting recommendations were presented along with their corresponding level of evidence according to Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation.Conclusions Both maternal respiratory syncytial virus vaccination(RSVpreF)and passive immunization with nirsevimab demonstrate robust efficacy and favorable safety,protecting newborns and infants from severe respiratory syncytial virus infections.The document provides actionable,evidence-based recommendations tailored for the Latin American healthcare context,aiming to reduce severe respiratory syncytial virus disease incidence and improve national infant health outcomes.