摘要我国婴儿出生缺陷发生率一直居高不下,究其原因不仅受遗传因素的影响,还受周围环境中重金属暴露对胎儿正常生长发育的影响.重金属是一类毒性很大的无机污染物,铅、镉、砷、汞摄入过多而锌、钙、铜等元素缺乏均会导致出生缺陷,元素间的交互作用也会影响妊娠结局.现根据近年来国内外动物实验、流行病学等研究进行综述,提倡适量摄入锌、铜等元素,避免有害金属元素的暴露,以保证有效地降低出生缺陷的发生率,也对以后重金属及出生缺陷关系的研究指明方向.

abstractsThe incidence of birth defect in China is still high,which is not only affected by genetic factors,but also affected by heavy metals in surrounding that prejudices foetus' normal development.Heavy metal is a kind of inorganic pollutants with high toxicity.Excessive intake of lead,cadmium,arsenic or mercury,and the insufficient intake of zinc,calcium and copper may both lead to at least 1 kind of birth defect.The interactions between heavy metals also affect the outcomes of pregnancy.This paper reviewed different relationships between heavy metals and birth defect recording to relevant achievements such as animal experimentations and epidemiologic study made by researches from at home and abroad in recent years.It is advised to intake adequate zinc and copper and avoid being exposed to harmful metals to make sure the effective reduction of the incidences of birth defects.This paper will also point out the direction of future research about the relationship among the birth defects and heavy metal.