摘要微小RNA (MicroRNAs)为一类非编码小RNA,通过结合目标mRNA,抑制相关蛋白的合成参与基因调控.研究发现微小RNA参与脓毒症免疫调控.miR-152、miR-148通过下调钙调蛋白及抗原特异性CD4+T淋巴细胞增殖抑制抗原提呈作用.miR-29家族调节胸腺细胞退化.miR17-miR92参与调节B细胞分化与凋亡.miR-146、miR-155、miR-101和miR-132等通过直接或间接下调炎症因子释放抑制免疫反应.miR-124抑制糖皮质激素受体α mRNA,是脓毒症糖皮质激素抵抗的环节之一.因此,明确微小RNA在脓毒症中的作用机制对脓毒症诊断及治疗有重要意义.

abstractsMicroRNAs are small,single-stranded and non-coding RNAs.MicroRNAs modulates gene expression by binding themselves to complementary sites of target genes.It had been discovered that micmRNAs modulate sepsis in multiple levels.Through targeting Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ,miR-152 and miR-148 impair innate response and antigen presentation,and also suppress proliferation of antigen specific CD4 + T cells; miR-29 family regulate cellular immunity through setting the threshold in thymic involution; MicroRNA-17-92 plays a causative role in B cell lineage; miR-146 and miR-155 down-regulate proinflammatory cytokines through suppressing components of pattern recognition receptors,while miR-132 through acetylcholinesterase degeneration.miR-124 degenerates mRNA of glucocorticoid receptorαand results in glucocorticoid resistant in treatment of sepsis.Immune regulation of microRNAs in sepsis is briefly described in this paper.