摘要虽然剖宫产已逐渐成为解决难产和高危妊娠等产科危重症的有效手段，但新生儿疾病的发病率及其 NICU 住院率并未因剖宫产率的不断增高而明显减少，相反，近年来国内外诸多研究发现相比较正常阴道分娩儿，剖宫产儿在出生后有较高的新生儿相关疾病发病率，以呼吸窘迫综合征、新生儿暂时性呼吸困难、持续肺动脉高压、感染等最为常见，更为值得关注的是剖宫产儿在儿童期和成年期也更易于患过敏性及免疫系统疾病和神经精神相关性疾病。现就剖宫产对新生儿近远期的影响进行综述。

abstractsAlthough the cesarean section has become an effective means to solve dystocia,high - risk pregnan-cy and other critical obstetrical disease,but the morbidity rate and hospitalization rate of newborn did not decreased obviously because of the continuous increasing of cesarean section rate. Contrary,in recent years,many domestic and foreign researches have found that,compared with normal vaginal delivery babies,cesarean section newborn infants have higher related disease incidence rate after birth,especially respiratory distress sydrome,transient tachypnea of newborn infants,persistent pulmonary hypertension and infection,and more attention should be paid to the fact that cesarean section children are more prone to allergic and immune system diseases as well as neuropsychiatric related diseases. Therefore,this article aims at integrating the researches and providing an overview on recent and long - term effection on newborn infants.