摘要干细胞在视网膜疾病治疗领域的应用越来越受到关注,同时大量的临床试验也正在进行中。这些实验中主要采用的是人类脐带源性的间充质干细胞及骨髓间充质干细胞( BMSCs),用于治疗视觉障碍性疾病,如年龄相关性黄斑变性、视网膜色素变性等。 BMSCs属于成体多能干细胞,能够无限自我更新,具有多向分化的潜能,最近较多研究主要通过此类细胞能够分化成特征、形态与视网膜受损结构相似或者功能相同的特点,将其广泛应用于视网膜疾病的治疗。最近几年的研究表明,无论在体内试验还是体外试验,BMSCs有分化成神经样细胞的潜力,因此对视网膜损伤及修复带来了帮助。现针对BMSCs的生物学特性、在视网膜病变中的作用机制及相关治疗等方面进行综述。

abstractsStem cell therapy for retinal disease is under way,and several clinical trials are currently recruiting. These trials use human umbilical cord tissue-derived stem cells and bone marrow-derived stem cells to treat visual dis-orders such as age-related macular degeneration,and retinitis pigmentosa. Mesenchymal stem cells( bone marrow mes-enchymal stem cells,BMSCs) belong to adult pluripotent stem cells,capable of unlimited self-renewal,have the poten-tial multi-directional differentiation,and more recent researches,mainly through such cells can differentiation into reti-nal characteristics and morphology similar to or the same structural characteristics of functional impairment, which is widely used in the treatment of retinal diseases. In recent years′researches,whether in the vivo or in vitro experiments, BMSCs have the potential to differentiate into nerve cells offering the selectivity of treatment in retinal injury and disea-ses. So,this view discussed the biological characteristics of BMSCs and bone marrow in the mechanism of action of reti-nopathy,relevant treatment.