摘要目的：探讨2例气管插管相关性重度声门下狭窄喉罩下支气管镜诊断及介入治疗的操作方法、有效性及安全性。方法2例男性患儿,年龄分别为4和11个月,因气管插管后出现脱机困难及呼吸困难,经CT及支气管镜检查,诊断为气管插管相关的重度声门下狭窄,在对家长进行详细告知支气管镜下介入手术不可预知情况并由家长签字同意后,遂对2例患儿进行经喉罩支气管镜下钬激光联合氩气刀和二氧化碳( CO2)冷冻治疗,分析患儿的临床资料、并发症及术后转归、随访情况。结果2例手术过程顺利,例1术后紧贴声门下的肉芽组织被完全清除,2例患儿声门下环形狭窄完全解除,治疗前呼吸道狭窄处周长约2.5 mm,治疗后,周长达5.2 mm,4.0 mm支气管镜进出无障碍,术后气管导管均成功拔除,呼吸困难均明显改善。2例患儿治疗后即刻、7 d、30 d和90 d镜下检查结果示狭窄处开放良好。术中有血氧饱和度下降及心率增快或减慢,暂停操作及恢复给氧后立即恢复,术中及术后未见异常血流动力学改变,2例目前仍在随访中。结论经喉罩钬激光、氩气刀及CO2冷冻治疗可用于后天性肉芽组织增生引起的声门下狭窄,方法安全、有效,近期效果显著,远期仍在进一步随访评估。

abstractsObjective To explore the operating methods,the effectiveness and safety for 2 cases of tracheal in-tubation related severe subglottic stenosis under laryngeal mask by using bronchoscopy in the diagnosis and interven-tional treatment. Methods Two male patients ( age at 4 and 11 months) both had difficulty breathing and weaning failure after endotracheal intubation,who were diagnosed with severe subglottic stenosis through CT and bronchoscopy examination. All parents signed their consent after being fully informed of treatment risks. Two cases were treated under bronchoscopic holmium laser combined with argon plasma coagulation and freezing treatment by using the laryngeal mask. The clinical data, complications and postoperative outcome and follow-up were analyzed. Results Two cases were operated successfully,the subglottic granulation tissue of 1 case was completely removed,2 cases of patients had subglottic narrow annular completely removed, and there was no problem for 4. 0 mm bronchoscope to get through,postoperative tracheal catheter was successfully extracted,dyspnea was significantly improved. Two cases imme-diately showed well open after treatment,7 d,30 d and 90 d through endoscopic examination. During the operation,oxy-gen saturation decreased and heart rate increased fast or slowed down,but after operation and oxygen got resumed,they immediately recovered,and there were no abnormal hemodynamic changes during and after operation. The two cases were still under follow-up. Conclusions The laryngeal mask holmium laser,argon plasma coagulation and cryotherapy can be used to remove acquired granulation tissue hyperplasia caused by subglottic stenosis,which is safe and effective, and the short-term effect was remarkable. Long-term effect still needs to be further assessed through follow-up.