摘要目的 调查南京医科大学附属南京妇幼保健院儿童保健科门诊婴幼儿、学龄前期(1～7岁)儿童饮食行为问题的发生情况,分析儿童饮食行为问题与儿童体格发育的相关性,为制定儿童饮食行为异常干预措施奠定基础.方法 对南京医科大学附属南京妇幼保健院儿童保健科门诊符合纳入标准的2458例儿童母亲进行儿童的饮食行为问卷(CEBQ)调查,获得儿童和母亲的社会人口学资料、儿童饮食行为问题的检出率,采用x2检验和多元回归分析探讨儿童体质量指数(BMI)与儿童饮食行为的相关性.结果 约66.2％(1627/2458例)儿童BMI正常,超重(BMI＞ P85～P95)与肥胖(BMI≥P95)总检出率分别为10.5％(257/2458例)和8.5％(210/2458例).25～36月龄是大多数饮食行为问题检出率最高的月龄段.总体1～7岁儿童中,吃饭时注意力不集中及不固定地点用餐在儿童各项饮食行为问题中检出率最高,分别为64.7％(1590/2458例)和50.5％(1241/2458例);偏爱零食的检出率最低,为19.3％(474/2458例).儿童饮食行为与儿童BMI存在较高的关联度,其中存在不易接受新食物(12月龄,OR=11.50,95％ CI:1.84～72.16)和吃饭地点不固定(25～36月龄,OR=1.77,95％CI:1.11～2.83)饮食行为的儿童易发生消瘦,存在零食偏好(12月龄,OR =5.08,95％CI:1.43～18.00;13～18月龄,OR=2.17,95％ CI:1.06～4.44)、很少吃蔬菜/水果(19～24月龄,OR =4.06,95％ CI:1.46～11.31)、注意力不集中(12月龄,OR=3.85,95％ CI:1.52～9.79)饮食行为的儿童更易发生超重和肥胖(P均＜0.01).结论 儿童饮食行为问题在南京1～7岁儿童中发生率高,且不当的儿童饮食行为易增加儿童发生消瘦和超重/肥胖的风险.

abstractsObjective To investigate the eating problems of outpatient infants,preschool age children(1 to 7 years old) enrolled in the Department of Child Health Care,Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University,and to analyze its correlation with children's physical development,so as to establish strategies for preventing abnormal eating habit in children.Methods A toll of 2458 children met the criteria,and caregivers (mothers) completed the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaires (CEBQ) in Department of Child Health Care,Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University were selected and the children's sociodemographic data and the morbidity of children eating problems were investigated.The correlation between children's body mass index(BMI) with children's eating problems was determined by using Chi-square test and multiple regression analysis.Results About 66.2％ (1627/2458 cases) had normal weight,and 10.8％ (257/2458 cases) and 8.5 ％ (210/2458 cases) were overweight (BMI ＞ P85-P95) or obese (BMI ≥ P95),respectively.The prevalence of eating behavior problems was detected during 25-36 months.For 1-to-7-year-old children,the highest detection rate of eating problems was inattention and eating at non-permanent locations,occupying 64.7％ (1590/2458 cases)and 50.5％ (1241/2458 cases),respectively;the prevalence rate of preferring to junk food was the lowest,accounting for 19.3％ (474/2458 cases).The children's eating problems had a high association with the children's BMI.Among them,children with eating problems,such as difficultly in accepting the varying food stuff[at the age of 12 month,odds ratio(OR)=11.50,95％ confidence interval(CI):1.84-72.16] and eating at non-permanent locations(at 25-36month,OR=1.77,95 ％ CI:1.11-2.83),were prone to be wasting away;children with eating problems,such as preferring to junk food (at 12 month,OR=5.08,95 ％ CI:1.43-18.00;13-18 month,OR=2.17,95 ％ CI:1.06-4.44),rarely eating vegetables or fruit (19-24 month,OR=4.06,95％CI:1.46-11.31) and inattention (12 month,OR=3.85,95 ％ CI:1.52-9.79),were associated with overweight or obesity (all P＜0.01).Conclusions There was a high prevalence of eating problems in children between 12-84 month(1-7 years old) in Nanjing.Improper children's eating behaviors can increase the risks of wasting away or children's overweight/obesity.