摘要肠道微生物可通过免疫、内分泌、迷走神经和代谢产物等途径进行“微生物-肠-脑轴”中肠道微生物、肠道和大脑功能间的交流.肠道微生物的定植受围生因素、饮食营养、疾病、抗生素使用等多方面影响.婴幼儿期等肠道微生态构建关键时期的紊乱可影响大脑发育和功能,可能影响如孤独症谱系障碍等神经系统疾病的发生发展过程.调节肠道微生物正常生态平衡对大脑发育和行为、认知等大脑功能具有重要意义,仍需进一步临床探索.

abstractsGut microbiota is essential to human health,playing a major role in the bidirectional communication between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system through the immunological,hormonal,neural and metabolic pathways.The colonization of the gut microbiota is influenced by multiple and diverse factors,such as the perinatal factors,dietary habits,diseases and antibiotics.The infant is the critical period for modifying the gut microbiota,disruptions during this period of microbiota-host interaction have the potential to affect the development and function of the brain.To regulate the homeostasis of the gut microbiota has its profound influences on improving the symptoms of gastrointestinal and behavior disorders.