摘要疫苗是预防和控制传染病最有效的手段,早产儿和低出生体质量儿免疫系统不成熟,较足月儿更容易受各种病原微生物的侵袭.在中国,由于从业者和家长对早产儿和低出生体质量儿疫苗接种后安全性和有效性的担忧,这些婴儿不能按时接种疫苗已成为常态.因为不能按时接种疫苗,更增加了此类婴儿疫苗可以预防传染病的发生率,所以及时合理地接种疫苗对早产儿和低出生体质量儿更加重要.

abstractsVaccines are the most effective means of preventing and controlling infectious diseases.Immune system of premature infants and low birth weight infants are weaker and they have a higher risk of complication from vaccine-preventable diseases than full term infants.Vaccination is often delayed in preterm infants and low birth weight infants in China since the healthcare workers and parents worry about safety and effectiveness of vaccines.The delayed vaccination increases the rate of preventable infections.Therefore,timely and reasonable vaccination is very important for preterm infants and low birth weight infants.